JavaScript中this指向的处理是令大家普遍头疼的问题,这里我们举一个实例讲解JavaScript中的this指向错误解决方法,需要的朋友可以参考下
看如下对象定义:
'use strict'
var jane = {
name : ‘Jane',
display : function(){
retrun 'Person named ' + this.name;
}
};
这样能正常调用
jane.display();
下面的调用会出错:
var func = jane.display;
func()
TypeError: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined
因为,this指向已经改变,正确的方式如下:
var func2 = jane.display.bind(jane);
func2()
'Penson named Jane'
所有函数都有其特殊的this变量,如下面的forEach
var jane = {
name : 'Jane',
friends: ['Tarzan', 'Cheeta'],
sayHiToFriends: function(){
'use strict';
this.friends.forEach(function(friend) {
// 'this' is undefined here
console.log(this.name + ' says hi to '+ friend);
});
}
}
调用sayHiToFriends会产生一个错误:
jane.sayHiToFriends()
TypeError: Cannot read property 'name' of undefined
解决方案一:将this保存在不同的变量中
var jane = {
name : 'Jane',
friends: ['Tarzan', 'Cheeta'],
sayHiToFriends: function(){
'use strict';
var that = this;
this.friends.forEach(function(friend) {
console.log(that.name + ' says hi to '+ friend);
});
}
}
解决方案二:利用forEach的第二个参数,它可以给this指定一个值
var jane = {
name : 'Jane',
friends: ['Tarzan', 'Cheeta'],
sayHiToFriends: function(){
'use strict';
this.friends.forEach(function(friend) {
console.log(this.name + ' says hi to '+ friend);
}, this);
}
}
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